The following is an introductory level video for how to read a schematic.
A list of symbols is given below.
| Symbol |
Name |
| |
Power and ground (Categories) |
 |
Battery (one cell). Negative on the left. |
 |
Battery. Negative on the left. |
 |
Solar cell |
 |
Earth ground |
 |
Chassis ground |
 |
Signal ground |
| |
Switches (Categories) |
 |
Switch (Single Pole, Single Throw - SPST). Normally Open (NO). |
 |
Switch (Single Pole, Single Throw - SPST). Normally Closed (NC). |
 |
Switch (Single Pole, Double Throw - SPDT). |
 |
Pushbutton switch. Normally Open (NO) |
 |
Pushbutton switch. Normally Closed (NC) |
| |
Resistors (Categories) |
 |
Resistor (IEEE standard) |
 |
Resistor (IEC standard) |
 |
Potentiometer (IEEE standard) |
 |
Potentiometer (IEC standard) |
 |
Photoresistor/Light dependent resistor (LDR) |
 |
Photoresistor/Light dependent resistor (LDR) |
 |
Thermistor (NTC - Negative Temperature Coefficient resistor) |
 |
Thermistor (PTC - Positive Temperature Coefficient resistor) |
| |
Capacitors (Categories) |
 |
Capacitor (non-polarized) |
 |
Variable capacitor |
 |
Capacitor (polarized, e.g. electrolytic) |
 |
Capacitor (polarized, e.g. electrolytic) |
| |
Diodes (Categories) |
 |
Diode |
 |
Zener diode |
 |
Schottky diode |
 |
LED (Light-Emitting Diode) |
| |
Transistors (Categories) |
 |
Transistor (NPN) |
 |
Transistor (NPN) |
 |
Transistor (PNP) |
 |
Transistor (PNP) |
 |
MOSFET (N-channel, enhancement-mode) |
 |
MOSFET (P-channel, enhancement-mode) |
 |
MOSFET (N-channel, enhancement-mode, no bulk) |
 |
MOSFET (P-channel, enhancement-mode, no bulk) |
 |
MOSFET (N-channel, enhancement-mode, no bulk) |
 |
MOSFET (P-channel, enhancement-mode, no bulk) |
 |
MOSFET (N-channel, depletion-mode) |
 |
MOSFET (P-channel, depletion-mode) |
| |
Relays (Categories) |
 |
Relay (Single Pole, Single Throw - SPST). Normally Open (NO). |
 |
Relay (Single Pole, Single Throw SPST). Normally Closed (NC). |
 |
Relay (Single Pole, Double Throw - SPDT) |
| |
Coils/inductors (Categories) |
 |
Inductor/coil |
 |
Inductor/coil (alternate style) |
 |
Inductor/coil (with solid core e.g. iron core) |
 |
Inductor/coil (with metal particle core e.g. ferrite core) |
 |
Variable inductor/coil |
 |
Solenoid |
| |
Transformers (Categories) |
 |
Transformer (with a core) |
 |
Transformer (alternate style) |
 |
Transformer (with an air core) |
 |
Transformer (with a tap) |
| |
Fuses (Categories) |
 |
Fuse (IEEE/ANSI standard) |
 |
Fuse (IEEE/ANSI standard) |
 |
Fuse (IEEE/ANSI standard) |
 |
Fuse (IEC standard) |
| |
Meters (Categories) |
 |
Voltmeter |
 |
Ammeter |
 |
Ohmmeter |
 |
Wattmeter |
| |
Connectors (Categories) |
 |
Jack socket/phone connector |
 |
Jack socket/phone connector. Plug enters from the right. |
 |
Pin header 6x1 |
 |
Pin header 6x2 |
| |
Audio (Categories) |
 |
Speaker |
 |
Buzzer |
